DTA 1050 - Embryology & Histology

1. Recognize definitions of the following terms:  natal, prenatal, postnatal, uterine, intrauterine, in utero, gestation, embryo, fetus, placenta, ovulation, ovum, sperm, zygote, morula, amnion, chorion, histogenesis, organogenesis, embryology cap stage and bell stage.
2. Differentiate between embryonic phase and the fetal phase.
3. Identify the structures which form each of the primary germ layers.
4. Describe which part of a tooth arises from various embryonic germ layers.
5. Analyze how the cells proliferate, differentiate and integrate after the zygote.

UNIT # 2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE AND ORAL CAVITY

1. Describe and explain the five branchial arches.
2. Assess the tissues of the stomodeum in a three week old embryo.\
3. Differentiate and explain the embryonic structures that form the face and discuss the approximate embryonic age of formation.
4. Relate information to the structures that form the palate and know the week in which the palate fuses.
5. Describe the embryonic structures involved in the development of cleft lip and palate.

UNIT # 3 DENTAL DEVELOPMENT

1. Differentiate the embryonic structures that form the face.
2. Discuss the factors which influence prenatal development.
3. Distinguish between and name examples of environmental and genetic factors that can precipitate abnormalities in tooth development.
4. Given a schematic drawing, identity the numbered parts of the embryo.
5. Discuss and explain the growth periods in the life cycle of a tooth.

UNIT # 4 ORAL HISTOLOGY

1. Describe enamel formation.
2. Discuss the interrelationship between enamel formation and dentin information.
3. Summarize the changes in the inner enamel epithelial cells that allow them to become enamel forming cells.
4. Define the following terms:
   1. hypoplastic enamel
   2. hypocaliefied enamel
   3. enamel lamellae
   4. enamel tuft
   5. enamel spindle
5. Classify the clinical important features of enamel.
6. Explain what would happen if the enamel matrix is not laid down properly.
7. Describe the properties and components of dentin.
8. Differentiate primary, secondary, and reparative dentin.
9. Evaluate the abnormalities in the dentin.
10. Compare the formation of primary, secondary, and reparative dentin.
11. Describe dentin formation incorporating the role of each of the following terms:
    1. odontoblast
    2. dentinal fibers
    3. dentinal matrix
    4. dentin tubules
12. Classify the percentages of organic inorganic content in dentin.
13. Describe pulp formation.
14. Assess the components and age changes in the pulp.
15. Compare the abnormalities in the pulp.
16. Differentiate the four functions of the pulp.
17. Explain the difference in pulp shape between a newly erupted tooth and an aged tooth.
18. Describe and classify pulp stones.
19. Describe the coronal pulp.
20. Describe the beginning of cementum formation.
21. Differentiate how acellular and cellular cementum forms and compare the two.
22. Describe and explain the function of cementum.
23. Discuss the relationship between the gingival unit and the supporting structures of the teeth.
24. Discuss the structures that make up the periodontium.
25. Compare the various parts of the gingival unit.
26. Contrast the types of gingival epithelium and describe the features of each type.
27. Differentiate the difference between the development of the oral epithelium and the development of the dental epithelial.
28. Classify the parts of the gingival units.
29. Describe the dento-gingival function, including the nature of the attachment to the tooth structure.
30. Evaluate the appearance of healthy gingiva.
31. Discuss the structure of the alveolar process.
32. Assess the structure of the alveolar process.
33. Compare the appearance of the following:
    1. Alveolus\
    2. Cortical plate
    3. Lamina dura
    4. Interdental Septum
34. Define interdental septum.